Research

Research Programs

Three core research programs and connected applied and public-facing themes.

Human-Robot Relations Institute organizes its research architecture around three core programs: Robot Rights, Robot Governance, and Robot Labor. Alongside them, the Institute develops cross-cutting themes such as robot-friendly environments, coexistence guidelines, and coexistence literacy.

3 core programs 3 applied themes Reference work

Programs

Current research areas

Each program addresses a different dimension of human–machine relations while remaining conceptually linked to the others.

Robot Rights

Robot Rights examines conceptual, institutional, moral, and accountability questions around possible forms of recognition, status, and rights for increasingly autonomous artificial systems.

It treats robot rights as an open field of inquiry rather than a settled legal or moral conclusion, separating questions of identity and recognition from moral consideration, legal status, legal rights, and personhood. Here, recognition refers to forms of social, institutional, or legal acknowledgment rather than a claim that a system has cognitive awareness or consciousness.

The program also asks how any future form of recognition can remain compatible with clear human, corporate, and institutional responsibility.

Visit robot-rights.net

Robot Governance

Robot Governance studies the institutions, regulations, norms, and policy frameworks needed to guide intelligent machines in society.

This includes questions of accountability, oversight, governance design, legal responsibility, and the long-term coordination of increasingly autonomous systems.

The program is concerned not only with risk control, but also with how societies build durable and legitimate structures for coexistence with intelligent machines.

Visit robot-governance.com

Robot Labor

Robot Labor studies machine participation in organized work as a restructuring of tasks, roles, coordination, control, responsibility, and value—not only as a question of technical automation or job replacement.

Its scope includes embodied robotic systems and digital or AI agents only when they carry an identifiable operational role within a workflow and materially change how work is performed or arranged.

The program combines long-form analysis with qualitative research tools and voluntary reference frameworks. Its tools organize questions rather than predict outcomes, while its frameworks support legibility, accountability, operation, documentation, and classification.

Tools · Frameworks · Key terms & resources

Visit robot-labor.org

Knowledge map

How the three programs connect

These research areas are distinct, but they are not isolated. Changes in one area often reshape the others.

For example, new forms of robot labor may create governance challenges. New governance structures may influence how rights language is used. And rights debates may in turn affect legal, institutional, and economic design.

Conceptual links

  • Robot Labor raises new economic and social questions.
  • Robot Governance addresses institutional and legal responses.
  • Robot Rights examines recognition, status, moral consideration, and the accountability implications of these changes.

Cross-cutting and public-facing themes

Connecting core research to real-world settings

In addition to the three core research programs, the Institute examines themes closer to deployment settings and everyday users. These are not separate core programs; they are applied and public-facing themes that connect multiple areas of research.

Robot-Friendly Environments

Examines facilities, workflows, human behavior, operational rules, and responsibility structures from the perspective of real-world deployment.

Read the theme page

Human-Robot Coexistence Guidelines

Sets out non-binding reference principles for considering safety, responsibility, dignity, labor, and public or shared space in human–robot coexistence.

View the guidelines

Human-Robot Coexistence Literacy

Organizes basic knowledge for children, users, facility staff, and others who interact with robots in everyday settings.

Explore coexistence literacy

Publications

Read related writing

The institute’s publications page provides a unified entry point to essays and articles across all research programs.

View publications